Residual Solvent Testing for Cannabis & Hemp (GC-MS)

Residual solvent testing protects cannabis and hemp products from harmful chemical residues left behind during extraction. ACS Laboratory tests hemp from providers nationwide and cannabis from licensed Florida MMTCs.
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Cannabis Residual Solvent Panel (Florida MMTCs)

Florida sets some of the toughest extraction rules in the country. State residual solvent limits cannabis to defined ppm amounts per product, with thresholds for each analyte. These action levels protect patients from chemical residues and require licensed providers to confirm results with a Certified Marijuana Testing Laboratory (CMTL) like ACS.
The Florida cannabis compliance panel measures 21 solvents using GC-MS instrumentation. This cannabis residual solvent testing panel verifies products meet required limits so MMTCs can move into submission with confidence.
Residual Solvents (Florida)
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Florida THC Potency
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Matrix

Flowers/Plants, Derivative Productss and Edibles

Analytes

20 Count

Instrument

LCUV

Matrix:

Flower/Plants, Derivative Products, and Edibles

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1,1-Dichloroethene
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1,2-Dichloroethene
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Acetone
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Benzene
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Butanes
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Chloroform
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Ethanol

Analytes:

21 Count

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Ethyl acetate
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Ethyl ether
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Ethylene oxide
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Heptane
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Hexane
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Isopropyl Alcohol*
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Methanol

Instrument:

GCMS

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Methylene Chloride
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Pentane
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Propane
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Toluene
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Total xylenes
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Trichloroethylene
NOTICE: This is the potency test mandated by each state's governing body for hemp.

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Hemp Residual Solvent Screening (National Coverage)

ACS Laboratory offers a GC-MS residual solvent test that screens for 55 to 67 analytes in one run. This max-analyte panel can satisfy the strictest U.S. state requirements, so hemp brands nationwide can feel confident bringing products to market.
Our residual solvents testing detects common extraction chemicals, including butane and ethanol, to verify clean products. Brands use this panel for solvent screening in hemp extracts during R&D and to confirm national compliance across multiple state limits.

Safety Panels:

Florida Residual Solvents (21)
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Florida Residual Solvents
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Matrix

Flowers/Plants, Derivative Productss and Edibles

Analytes

20 Count

Instrument

LCUV

Matrix:

Flowers / Biomass / Derivatives / Edibles

Analytes:

55 Count

Instrument:

GCMS

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1,1-Dichloroethene
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1,2-Dichloroethene
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1,2-dimethyoxyethane
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1,4 Dioxane
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1-Butanol
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1-Pentanol
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1-Propanol
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2,2-dimethylbutane
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2,3-Butanedione
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2,3-dimethylbutane
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2-Butanol
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2-Butanone
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2-Ethoxyethanol
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2-methylbutane
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2-methylpentane
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3-methylpentane
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Acetone
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Acetonitrile
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Benzene
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Butane
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Chlorobenzene
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Chloroform
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Cumene
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Cyclohexane
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Dimethyl Sulfoxide
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Ethanol
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Ethyl Acetate
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Ethyl ether
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Ethylbenzene
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Ethylene Glycol
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Ethylene Oxide
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Heptane
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Isopropyl acetate
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Isopropyl alcohol
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Methanol
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Methylene chloride
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Methylpropane
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N,N-Dimethylacetamide
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N,N-Dimethylformanide
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Neopentane
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n-Hexane
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Pentane
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Propane
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Pyridine
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Tetrahydrofuran
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Tetramethylene Sulfone
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Toluene
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Trichloroethylene
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o-Xylenes
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p-Xylenes
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m-Xylenes
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Total Butanes
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Total Hexanes
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Total Pentanes
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Total Xylenes

Additional solvents for Colorado brands  (12) *

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2-methyl-1-propranol
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3-methyl-1-butanol
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Anisole
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Butyl acetate
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Ethyl Formate
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Isobutyl acetate
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Methyl acetate
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Propyl acetate
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Tert-butyl methyl ether
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Triethylamine
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Formic acid
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Acetic acid
NOTICE: This is the potency test mandated by each state's governing body for hemp.

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Why Residual Solvent Testing Matters (Class 1–3)

Residual solvents can remain in hemp and cannabis extracts after the production of wax, oils, or concentrates. Some are highly toxic, others have limited use, and a few pose low risks. Understanding the classes and performing class 1 solvent testing cannabis is critical for safety, COA review, and retailer acceptance.

 Class 1 – Highly toxic:

Includes benzene, a known carcinogen. Class 1 solvent testing cannabis is essential because no safe exposure threshold exists.

Class 2 – Limited use:

Includes chloroform, methanol, toluene, and n-butane. These compounds are permitted only at low ppm levels and require careful monitoring.

Class 3 – Low toxic potential:

Includes ethanol, acetone, and n-pentane. Though rules vary by state, these solvents are generally safe at higher ppm thresholds.

Cannabis residual solvent testing with an ISO/IEC 17025:2017 A2LA-accredited laboratory like ACS ensures products meet action limits and pass compliance reviews.

Preventing Contamination in Extraction

Even the most consistent extraction process can leave behind trace solvents when conditions vary between runs.  Products like shatter or wax are especially difficult to purge because their surface area makes it harder for solvents to evaporate.

Producers can reduce contamination risks by refining evaporation methods, extending purge times, and applying deeper vacuum cycles. Still, no method eliminates variability in natural plant material. The most reliable way to protect patients and consumers is to partner with an ISO/IEC 17025:2017 A2LA accredited laboratory like ACS for regular residual solvent testing.

Reporting & COAs (QR Codes, Label Accuracy, State Formatting)

Every ACS Certificate of Analysis (COA) includes residual solvent pass/fail status, quantitative data, and state-specific formatting. Reports also feature QR-coded traceability, allowing retailers and regulators to instantly verify results.

COAs extend beyond solvent data to support cannabinoid label accuracy testing. This integration confirms potency claims, verifies label compliance, and safeguards consumer confidence. By linking solvent and potency results, ACS helps brands avoid costly recalls and maintain approval with state agencies.

FAQS

What is the turnaround time and sample size for residual solvent testing?
What is diacetyl (2,3-butanedione) testing, and why is it necessary?
Do edibles and beverages need residual solvent testing if inputs were tested?
Which residual solvents are included in ACS’s full-panel GC-MS screening?
What are the state residual solvent limits for cannabis products?